Intelligence is the ability to respond adaptively to new situations,to think abstractly and to comprehend complex ideas. IQ is the abbreviation for Intelligence Quotient. The word quotient means the number of times that one number will divide into another. An intelligence test (IQ Test) is a standardized test designed to measure human intelligence as distinct from attainments. The measured IQ of children is equal to mental age divided by actual (chronological) age. For example, if a child of eight years of age obtains a score expected of a ten-year-old, the child will have a measured IQ of 125, by means of the following calculation:
(Mental age/Chronological age)× 100 = IQ
or
(10/8)× 100 = 125 IQ
This method of calculating IQ does not apply to adults because beyond the age of 18 there is little or no
improvement in mental development. Adults, therefore, have to be judged on an IQ test in which the average score is 100. The results are graded above and below this norm according to known test scores.
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